Operators
Unv Operators
Operators are used to perform operations on variables and values.
In the example below, we use the + operator to add together two values:
print(10 + 5)
Unv divides the operators in the following groups:
- Arithmetic operators
- Assignment operators
- Comparison operators
- Logical operators
- Identity operators
- Membership operators
- Bitwise operators
Unv Arithmetic Operators
Arithmetic operators are used with numeric values to perform common mathematical operations:
| Operator | Name | Example |
|---|---|---|
+ | Addition | x + y |
- | Subtraction | x - y |
* | Multiplication | x * y |
/ | Division | x / y |
% | Modulus | x % y |
** | Exponentiation | x ** y |
// | Floor division | x // y |
Unv Assignment Operators
Assignment operators are used to assign values to variables:
| Operator | Example | Same As |
|---|---|---|
= | x = 5 | x = 5 |
+= | x += 3 | x = x + 3 |
-= | x -= 3 | x = x - 3 |
*= | x *= 3 | x = x * 3 |
/= | x /= 3 | x = x / 3 |
%= | x %= 3 | x = x % 3 |
//= | x //= 3 | x = x // 3 |
**= | x **= 3 | x = x ** 3 |
&= | x &= 3 | x = x & 3 |
| ` | =` | `x |
^= | x ^= 3 | x = x ^ 3 |
>>= | x >>= 3 | x = x >> 3 |
<<= | x <<= 3 | x = x << 3 |
Unv Comparison Operators
Comparison operators are used to compare two values:
| Operator | Name | Example |
|---|---|---|
== | Equal | x == y |
!= | Not equal | x != y |
> | Greater than | x > y |
< | Less than | x < y |
>= | Greater than or equal to | x >= y |
<= | Less than or equal to | x <= y |
Unv Logical Operators
Logical operators are used to combine conditional statements:
| Operator | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|
and | Returns True if both statements are true | x < 5 and x < 10 |
or | Returns True if one of the statements is true | x < 5 or x < 4 |
not | Reverse the result, returns False if the result is true | not(x < 5 and x < 10) |
Unv Identity Operators
Identity operators are used to compare the objects, not if they are equal, but if they are actually the same object, with the same memory location:
| Operator | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|
is | Returns True if both variables are the same object | x is y |
is not | Returns True if both variables are not the same object | x is not y |
Unv Membership Operators
Membership operators are used to test if a sequence is presented in an object:
| Operator | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|
in | Returns True if a sequence with the specified value is present in the object | x in y |
not in | Returns True if a sequence with the specified value is not present in the object | x not in y |
Unv Bitwise Operators
Bitwise operators are used to compare (binary) numbers:
| Operator | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
& | AND | Sets each bit to 1 if both bits are 1 |
| ` | ` | OR |
^ | XOR | Sets each bit to 1 if only one of two bits is 1 |
~ | NOT | Inverts all the bits |
<< | Zero fill left shift | Shift left by pushing zeros in from the right and let the leftmost bits fall off |
>> | Signed right shift | Shift right by pushing copies of the leftmost bit in from the left, and let the rightmost bits fall off |
Exercise:
Multiply 10 with 5, and print the result.
print(10☐5)